Port Wine Stain Removal & Treatment

Characteristics of Port Wine Stains

Port wine stains can range in color from pale pink to deep purple and can become darker over time. Unlike other types of birthmarks, port wine stains do not fade on their own and often persist throughout a person’s lifetime. In some cases, they may thicken, develop small bumps, or become more pronounced as a person ages.

While port wine stains themselves are generally harmless, they can sometimes be associated with underlying medical conditions. In some individuals, especially those with larger or more extensive birthmarks, there may be a higher risk of developing glaucoma or other eye-related issues. Regular medical evaluation and appropriate follow-up are essential for monitoring any potential complications.

Port Wine Stain Treatment Options

There are several ways to treat port wine stains. Treatments include:

• • Laser Therapy: Laser treatment is one of the most common approaches for fading port wine stains. It works by targeting and shrinking the blood vessels responsible for the discoloration. This treatment can help make the port wine stains much lighter. Laser treatment can sometimes be uncomfortable and the patient may get anesthetic to numb the area. Multiple sessions may be needed to achieve the desired results.
  • Pulsed Dye Laser: This specific type of laser is particularly effective for treating port wine stains. It emits concentrated bursts of light that are absorbed by the blood vessels, causing them to break down over time. This laser targets the pigmentation in the stain and fades it. This type of treatment may require multiple sessions for desired results.
  • Topical Treatments: Certain topical treatments, such as topical beta-blockers, may be considered for infants with port wine stains to prevent or reduce the progression of the birthmark. Topical treatments can also help reduce redness and enhance skin texture. Topical treatments may not completely eliminate port wine stains.
  • Surgical Options: In some cases, surgical removal or other procedures may be considered, especially if the port wine stain is affecting a person’s quality of life. Surgery aims to physically remove or modify the impacted skin to improve the appearance of the birthmark. For most surgical options, a local anesthetic will be used.

Port wine stain diagnosis

A healthcare provider, such as a dermatologist, can usually diagnose a port wine stain by looking at the birthmark. The diagnosis is primarily based on the distinctive clinical appearance of the birthmark, which presents as a flat, reddish or purplish discoloration on the skin. Doctors will also take into account the size, local, and extent of the port wine stain.

While a visual exam is usually sufficient for diagnoses, in some cases additional imaging may be used to identify the port wine stain such as an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI. Doctors may closely monitor port wine stains near the eyes or forehead because they may be linked to a neurological disorder called Sturge-Weber syndrome. Sturge-Weber syndrome symptoms may include seizures, developmental delays, migraine, or glaucoma. More information on Sturge-Weber syndrome and port wine stains can be found in this article from the New England Journal of Medicine.

What causes port wine stains?

Port wine stain birthmarks are caused by the abnormal formation of blood vessels near the skin’s surface. Although these birthmarks typically present at birth, they have the potential to evolve and become more prominent with age. Port wine stains can vary in size and shape and are frequently found on the face and neck.

Treatments such as laser therapy can generally be done in 6-8 week intervals and multiple treatments may be necessary. The choice of treatment and the expected timeline should be discussed with a dermatologist or a healthcare professional specializing in port wine stains.

How much does it cost to remove a port wine stain?

The cost to treat a port wine stain depends on the type of treatment and the specific factors of the individual port wine stain including size and location. It also depends on the number of sessions required and the individual healthcare provider. Topical treatments may be a more cost-effective option, but it’s important to consult with a doctor.

What happens if port wine stains are left untreated?

If a port wine stain is left untreated, over time it may get larger, darker, and thicker. While these birthmarks are generally harmless and do not pose a direct health risk, there are potential considerations associated with leaving port wine stains untreated. Considerations should include cosmetic concerns, the impact of emotional well-being, and the potential of the birthmark thickening. It’s important to consult with a dermatologist to discuss potential treatment options and the patient’s well-being.

Can port wine stains be prevented?

Port wine stains are generally congenital, meaning they are present at birth and cannot be prevented. Port wine stains are not caused by external factors or lifestyle choices during pregnancy.

We believe in embracing diversity and individuality. Port wine stains are a natural part of some individuals’ appearance, and while treatment options are available, it’s important to remember that each person’s decision about managing their birthmark is personal. It’s essential to create an open and supportive environment where individuals can make informed choices about their own bodies.

If you’re looking for a healthcare provider to help treat your port wine stain birthmark, Advanced Dermatology, a Forefront Dermatology Practice, treats patients across Chicago’s North Shore, with locations in Lincolnshire and Glencoe.

Request an appointment